Socioeconomic, Cultural, and Environmental Dimensions of Pet Health: A One Health Community Study among the Emberá Chamí in Las Brisas, Pereira

Abstract

his study explores the interconnections between animal, human, and environmental health in the Emberá Chamí Indigenous community of Las Brisas, located in an urban area of Pereira (Risaralda, Colombia) characterized by social and economic challenges. The research adopted a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach within the interpretive paradigm, seeking to understand cultural meanings, community perceptions, and structural conditions influencing the human-animal relationship.

The methodological design included semi-structured interviews, a community focus group, and the participatory application of the Vester Matrix. Twenty families served as the core unit of analysis, while around thirty community members participated in the validation and prioritization of factors.

Findings highlight the scarcity of accessible veterinary services, constraints related to household income, and limited access to formal education as key factors shaping opportunities for responsible pet ownership. Although pet ownership was low, participants expressed strong interest in animal health programs and valued the relevance of the One Health approach.

The study concludes that addressing animal welfare in urban Indigenous communities requires integrated strategies that expand access to veterinary services, promote intercultural education, and foster institutional recognition of animal health as part of community well-being. These results also suggest opportunities to design community-based business models including veterinary telemedicine, mobile services, and artisanal production of supplies that connect veterinary medicine, business administration, and ancestral knowledge.