New transformations of Euro-Mediterranean migration

Abstract

This study examines the fundamental transformations in migration patterns across the Mediterranean region, particularly following political and security changes in the eastern and southern Mediterranean. These shifts have significantly altered migration routes, with some transit countries, such as Egypt and Algeria, as destinations for migrants, whereas countries like Libya, Yemen, and Syria, have turned into major hubs for irregular migration, human smuggling, and trafficking due to its weak institutions.

In Europe, extreme-right political movements have exploited migration issue as a core element of their political discourse, leading to the adoption of strict security policies and restrictive legislation against migrants, complicating furthermore the situation.

The study proposes new mechanisms for managing migration through a comprehensive approach that strengthens economic development in origin and transit countries. It advocates for a more balanced cooperation between the northern and southern Mediterranean, emphasizing solidarity and humanitarian principles to achieve a fair balance between security concerns and migrants' rights.